Incinerator construction



'Aug. 7, 1956 R. F. BUCHANAN INCINEIRATOR CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 5,1953 INVENTOR.

Robert F. Buchanan czw (##1##,4

AT TO R N E YS INQIINERATOR CONSTRUCTION Robert F. Buchanan, Denver,Colo.

Application January 5, 1953, Serial No. 329,658 4 Claims. or. 110-18This invention relates to incinerators and more particularly one whichcan be constructed at a factory and then installed at the place it is tobe used.

One of the objects of the invention is to produce an improvedincinerator having a combined feeder door and spark arrester draft orsmoke outlet.

Another object is to provide in an incinerator an improved pivotalmounting means for the feeder door thereof.

Still a further object is to produce an improved precast incineratorconstruction and particularly the manner of constructing and assemblingthe walls and top thereof so as to compensate for expansion andcontraction of the parts.

Yet another object is to produce an improved top structure for anincinerator including a feeder door forming a part thereof.

Other objects of my invention will becomeapparent from the followingdescription taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure l is a perspective view of an incinerator embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of the incinerator;

Figure 3 is a view of a corner construction with the top removed;

Figure 4 is a side view of the top, with parts broken away to show itslocking relationship with the side Walls and also the manner of mountingof the door so it will remain open when swung to its full open position;

Figure 5 is a cross sectional view through the incinerator showing thegrate mounting; and

Figure 6 is a view showing the door mounted upside down so it can act asa grate for combustible material.

Referring to the drawings in detail and first-to Figures 1 to 5, myimproved incinerator is preferably constructed from precast settableplastic material (cement, sand, etc.) to form the main body thereof.This material is first formed into slabs with slabs 10 and 11 formingthe front and rear side walls and with slabs 12 and 13 forming the twoside walls. These wall slabs have their side edges irregular in thelateral direction, preferably stepped as shown at 14 in Figure 5. Theslab edges can thus interengage and when held in this relationship bycross corner stay bolts 15, the incinerator body will have a strongconstruction. The wall slabs are each alike and preferably of the shapeof an isosceles trapezoid so that when assembled the incinerator willhave the form of a frustum of a pyramid. During casting of the walls theouter surface is preferably formed to have an irregular rock-likeappearance. The walls are mounted on a base slab 16 and the front wall10 at its bottom is provided with a cleanout hole 17 which can be closedby a suitable loose block 18 merely set therein on the base slab.

The top of the incinerator comprises a slab T which can be precast as asingle piece, but is shown as made from two pieces 19 and 20 which canbe held together by mortar. The top has a central square opening 21States Patent 2,757,622 Patented Aug. 7, 1955 ice and the under sidearound the opening has a groove 22 which is arranged to receive the topedges of the walls, all as shown in Figure 4. The front of the openinghas an inwardly extending ledge 23 which will act as a stop for the topfront edge of the door when it is closed.

The top door D for the incinerator is preferably made from cast iron andis a single piece. It is a combined feeder door and spark arrester draftor smoke outlet. The door is square and shaped to provide a dome whichis shown as a frustum of a pyramid but may be other shapes. The door hasa plurality of holes 24 therethrough to allow for a draft through theincinerator and an escape of smoke so that burning of material thereinwill be eflicient. The door, because of the spacing of the holes, actsto stop or arrest sparks that may rise from the burning material. Thedoor has trunnions 25 and 26 on its opposite sides. These trunnions arearranged to set into recesses 27 and 28 in the top T of the incineratorsuch being on opposite sides of the openings. When the door is closed asshown in Figure 1, the trunnions support the rear portion of the doorand the front of the door rests on the ledge 23.

The positioning of the trunnions on the door and their point of pivotalrest in the recesses 27 and 28 is an important feature of myincinerator. Not only is the rear portion of the door supported when itis closed, but also support is given to the door when it is open in sucha way that a major portion of the opening 21 is available to feedmaterial into the incinerator. When the door is swung upwardly on thetrunnions by grasping the handle 29 at the front thereof, it will assumea full open position and be maintained there as disclosed in Figure 4.This is accomplished by providing stops 30 and 31 extending inwardlyfrom the side walls of the opening in the top. These stops are below andforwardly of the recesses for the trunnion, all as illustrated inFigures 2 and 4. Thus, when the door is swung open on its trunnion, therear portion of the door will move downwardly into the top opening andengage the stops. Because of the position of the stops, the front of thedoor will pass over vertical and then stand open because of the actionof gravity, all as illustrated in Figure 2 in dashed lines.

The grate G for the incinerator is located in the bottom thereof and isshown in Figure 5. The grate has pivot shafts 32 and 33 extending fromopposite sides and these are journaled in holes in the side wall slabs12 and 13. One shaft shown as 33 has a right angle portion 34 at itsouter end which provides a treadle for dumping the grate by foot action.The forward side of the grate has a lug 35 which is arranged to engage aledge 36 in the front wall slab to hold the grate level. It will benoted the pivot shafts 32 and 33 of the grate are forward of the centralcross axis of the grate, thus unbalancing the pivotal mounting of thegrate so the action of gravity can normally swing it to its levelposition.

It will be especially noted that my incinerator is simple inconstruction and easy to make and assemble. Only one member need be madeto obtain both a feeder door and a spark arrester draft and smokeoutlet. The pivotal mounting of the door to the top is easily andcheaply accomplished and yet obtains a good size feeder opening of thehole in the top when the door is moved to its open position.

Another feature about my door is illustrated in Figure 6. Merely byturning the door upside down and reversing the trunnions in the recessesin the top, there will be provided a good grate for combustible materialsuch as charcoal. It will be noted that with the door upside down, adished perforated structure will be present which can efficiently holdcharcoal and yet allow for a draft so proper burning can take place.This will permit the door to be used for outside cooking purposes.

I am aware that modifications can be made in the incinerator described,all without departing from the fundamental principles of my invention,and I therefore desire it to be understood that the scope of myinvention is not to be limited except in accordance With the appendedclaims.

What is claimed is:

1. A relatively immovable incinerator having a broad base structure forengaging a flat support and being provided with side walls and a topwith the top being provided with a central opening with recesses onopposite sides thereof, a door for the top, means including trunnionscarried by opposite sides of the door to be removably received in therecesses for pivoting the door to opposite sides of the top, and doorstops on the same sides of the top openings as the trunnion recesses,said stops being positioned forwardly and below the pivot points so thatwhen the front end of the door is raised and the door caused to swing onits trunnion the rear portion of the door will move downwardly andengage the stops and hold the door in an open position with the frontportion of the door at a point past a vertical line passing through thetrunnions, said door being dome shaped and provided with a plurality ofholes therethrough and said trunnions and recesses permitting the doorto be readily turned upside down and placed in the top opening so as tobe used as a grate for combustible material.

2. An incinerator as defined in claim 1 wherein the side walls areseparately constructed from precast plastic material, and there isprovided means for holding the side walls together so that they inwardlyconverge from the base structure to the top, said top also being madefrom precast plastic material.

3. A relatively immovable incinerator comprising a broad base structurefor engaging a fiat support and being provided with separatelyconstructed side walls having rabbetted side edges for interengagingrelationship, means for holding the side walls together at theircorners, a top for the side walls having its lower surface nonplanularto interengage with the top edges of the walls,

said top having a central rectangular opening and recesses open at theirtops on opposite sides thereof, a combined door and spark arrestermounted on the top to cover the opening, said combined door havingtrunnions on opposite sides to be removably received in the recesses tothereby provide a pivotal mounting of the door and being of arectangular shape with a plurality of small holes therethrough, stopmeans carried by the top below the door and independently of the sidewalls, said stop means being so positioned, that the part of the doorrearward of the trunnions will engage the stop means when the forwardpart of the door is swung upwardly about the trunnions as pivots and toa position past the vertical, and a handle at the forward end of thedoor, said top at the front of the opening having additional stop meansfor engagement by the front of the door to support the door in a closedposition relative to the opening.

4. An incinerator as defined in claim 3 wherein there is provided agrate pivoted to opposite side walls adjacent the bottom of theincinerator, means for pivoting the grate to dump ashes therefrom andone of the side walls having abutment means for cooperation with a partextending from the grate to normally maintain said grate level, said onewall being solid except for a clean-out hole near the bottom thereof.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS448,423 Garretson Mar. 17, 1891 1,124,529 Rudd Ian. 12, 1915 1,147,189Rue July 20, 1915 1,275,651 Borge Aug. 13, 1918 1,415,149 Condon May 9,1922 1,576,289 Ledden Mar. 9, 1926 1,648,119 Hallett Nov. 8, 19271,721,936 Weber July 23, 1929 1,737,638 Carlson Dec. 3, 1929 2,121,514Waterman June 21, 1938 FOREIGN PATENTS 18,565 Australia Feb. 13, 1930

